Introduction
Every corporate employee in India is protected by a set of laws that guarantee fair pay, manageable working hours, and access to paid leave. Unfortunately, many people don’t know what they’re legally entitled to — and employers take advantage of this.
This guide breaks down your core salary, leave, and working hours rights in India for 2025.
1. You Must Be Paid on Time
As per the Payment of Wages Act, 1936:
- Salary must be paid by the 7th of the next month (for less than 1,000 employees)
- For larger companies, by the 10th
Late payment is a violation. You can file a complaint with the Labour Department or Labour Court.
2. You’re Entitled to a Minimum Wage
Every state in India sets a minimum wage based on industry, location, and skill level. Employers must pay at least this amount — even if your offer letter says otherwise.
Check your state's current minimum wage on the Labour Department’s website or ask your HR for clarification.
3. Equal Pay for Equal Work
Men and women doing the same job must be paid the same. This is protected under the Equal Remuneration Act. Disparities can be challenged legally.
4. Salary Deductions Are Regulated
Employers cannot deduct random amounts from your salary. Permissible deductions include:
- EPF (Provident Fund)
- Professional Tax
- Income Tax (TDS)
- Recovery for company property (only if agreed in contract)
Total deductions must not exceed 50% of your gross salary.
5. Right to Paid Leave
Under Indian labour laws, you are entitled to:
- Earned Leave (EL): At least 12 per year (varies by state)
- Sick Leave (SL): Typically 12 per year
- Casual Leave (CL): Usually 7–10 per year
Unused earned leave must be carried forward or encashed at year-end or resignation.
6. Maternity and Paternity Leave
Under the Maternity Benefit (Amendment) Act, 2017:
- Women are entitled to 26 weeks of paid leave
- Up to 12 months unpaid extension (at company discretion)
Paternity leave is not yet mandated nationally but is offered in many private firms for 7–15 days.
7. Overtime Must Be Paid
Any work beyond 9 hours a day or 48 hours a week is considered overtime. Employers must pay double wages for overtime as per the Factories Act and Shops & Establishment Acts.
Overtime without compensation is illegal, even if done during a "tight deadline" or "crunch period".
8. Weekly Holidays Are Mandatory
Employees are entitled to one full day off per week. This is usually Sunday, but it may vary.
If you’re made to work 7 days straight, you’re entitled to a compensatory leave or payment.
Conclusion
Your salary, working hours, and leave rights are not optional — they’re legal entitlements. Don’t be afraid to ask for what is lawfully yours. If your employer denies these rights, document the denial and seek legal help.
To explore your full legal protections at work, read:
Your Legal Rights at Work: A Corporate Employee’s Survival Guide
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